Top 10 Property Tax Myths

Are you missing an opportunity to reduce your property tax liability? Nearly all local taxing jurisdictions, including municipalities, counties, and boards of education, generate tax revenue through the imposition of property tax, which is one of the most substantial sources of local government revenue. For many businesses, property tax is the largest state and local tax obligation, and one of the largest regular operating expenses incurred.

Unlike other taxes, property tax assessments are based on the estimated value of the property; and thus, are subject to varying opinions. Businesses that fail to take a proactive approach in managing their property tax obligations may be missing an opportunity to reduce their tax liability. Following are 10 common property tax myths, and the truths that counter them.

MYTH #1

‍If a property’s value does not increase year to year, the property tax liability should remain the same.

TRUTH: The annual tax rate is determined by the tax levy necessary to fund the applicable governmental budget for services such as schools, libraries, park districts, fire departments and police. Essentially, the governmental budget is divided by the total assessment within a jurisdiction to calculate the tax rate. The tax rate is applied to a property’s individual assessment to calculate the tax. Rates can fluctuate annually and can result in higher or lower taxes even if your property value stays consistent.

MYTH #2

Fair market value is equivalent to assessed value.

TRUTH: Fair market value is an estimate of the price at which property would change hands in an arm’s length transaction. Assessed value is a valuation placed on a property by the assessor, which forms the basis of a property owner’s annual property tax. Assessed value is typically a percentage of the fair market value which considers factors such as the type and quality of the property and market conditions. Taxpayers should reconcile jurisdictional ratios in order to understand what is considered the fair market value of their property.

MYTH #3

Property tax bills can be appealed.

TRUTH: Unfortunately, you cannot challenge your property’s value once you receive the tax bill. An appeal must be filed within a set window of time after receiving your assessment notice, which in some cases could be a year prior to receiving the tax bill. If an appeal is not filed during the determined period, a taxpayer would have to wait to appeal until the next year’s assessment.

MYTH #4

Obsolescence adjustments do not apply to newer properties.

TRUTH: Property is typically taxed on a value that takes into account the ordinary diminishment of value occurring because of factors such as physical wear, age and technological advancements. Obsolescence is an additional form of impairment resulting from internal or external factors affecting value, such as functionality of equipment, processes that inhibit business, or external forces that have impacted financial performance. Regardless of the age of the property, obsolescence factors should be annually reviewed to determine the fair market value of property.

MYTH #5

Assessors establish annual property tax rates.

TRUTH: Property tax rates are set by local governments based on the budget necessary to fund governmental services. Property taxes typically fund city, municipality, county, and school district services provided to the community. Assessors estimate the value of your property so that the tax burden can be distributed. Assessors do not determine the property tax. The amount of tax payable is calculated by the tax rate applied to your property’s assessed value.

MYTH #6

‍During a property tax audit, the taxpayer’s role is complete once information is provided to the auditor.

TRUTH: Left alone, auditors can make inaccurate or aggressive decisions. They heavily rely on asset listings and balance sheets to determine if items have been appropriately reported. Taxpayers have a lot to gain by staying in contact with auditors throughout the process. Auditors should know the story that goes with the data. Are all assets on the list physically located on property? Are construction in progress (CIP) assets held on site or at a vendor? Is the supplies balance an annual or year-end balance? In the absence of taxpayer direction, auditors will make assumptions based on limited data. Once audit results are finalized, taxpayers can appeal, but now the burden of proof may have shifted.

MYTH #7

Reducing my property taxes makes me appear to be a bad corporate citizen.

TRUTH: For many businesses, property taxes are their greatest state and local tax burden and, on average, account for approximately 38 percent of the total state and local tax liability. Property owners should be paying their fair share of property taxes and not more. As property taxes are a cost of doing business, businesses that overpay may make decisions that result in a reduced work force or reduced business improvements or output. The reductions necessitated by higher tax liabilities may have more negative impact on the community than ensuring that your property values and taxes remain fair and equitable.

MYTH #8

Assessor’s record cards are accurate.

TRUTH: A property record card is a document retained by the assessing jurisdiction that includes assessment information about your property used to determine the value. A property record card includes information such as building dimensions, total land acreage, zoning or use of property, construction detail and other elements to describe the property. Any discrepancies or outdated information may affect the value of your property. Property owners should obtain their property record cards to determine if errors exist that need to be corrected and could result in a lower assessment.

MYTH #9

I pay more property tax in jurisdictions that tax both real and personal property.

TRUTH: Property subject to taxation can vary by jurisdictions. Taxes can be imposed on both real and personal property. All states tax real property and approximately 40 states tax personal property. Regardless of types of property taxed, the governmental budget will determine amount of tax necessary to fund municipal services and the property tax burden will be distributed among taxable values. Therefore, a property owner’s tax liability can be as significant in a jurisdiction that only taxes real property.

MYTH #10

A tenant cannot appeal property taxes.

TRUTH: Tenants may have the ability to directly appeal property values in situations where the owner provides written consent, or the lease terms allow the tenant to appeal. Property taxes are typically passed through to the tenants, therefore it certainly benefits the tenant to review the annual assessment to determine if an opportunity exists to reduce the property’s assessment.

Taxpayers should have processes in place to ensure both real and personal property tax assessments are fairly stated. Often these processes involve engaging outside consultants who specialize in real and personal property valuation and appeals. Clearview’s Real and Personal Property Tax Experts would be happy to help you navigate the process.

Questions on this topic? Reach out to our State and Local Tax experts.